Rest in Turkey is a high level of service and comfort. It versatile. It is possible to choose passive rest and during all time to enjoy the sun, which in this country surplus, and the sea which from May till October will treat kindly heat. Turkey - the country with the most ancient history, at desire it is possible to learn about it at numerous excursions. To the tourists preferring productive leisure, in Turkey will offer rafting and a safari jeep. Thus the most optimum combination of the price and quality is guaranteed.

To Turkey is better to go in the spring or in the autumn - from April till June or from September till October. The swimming season at southern and western coasts of Turkey proceeds from April till October.

Official state language in Turkey is Turkish. In some regions of the country also speak on Kurdish and Arabian. In big cities and the tourist centres it is possible to be explained in English, French or German languages. And in favourite vacation spots of our fellow citizens dealers not bad understand also Russian.
 
Capital of Turkey                                                                                                                                                 
 
Ankara is capital of Turkey. It is the second-large city after Istanbul.

In the ancient time Ankara was known as Ankira. It have based in VII century BC by order of фригийского tsar Midasa. After five centuries it became possession of Roman empire, and in the beginning of the first millenium of our era - Byzantium.

Despite remoteness of Ankara from waterways, it was impossible to name its position unprofitable: it was on crossing of overland trading roads and consequently during the Roman times was prospering political and shopping centre. In the summer Ankara became residence of the Roman emperors which transported here and all government, escaping from summer heat.

In XIV century the city was grasped by Turks. After fight between Timur's armies and Turkish sultan Bajazeta in 1402 there has come time of decline not only for Ankara, but also for all Ottoman empire. The new impulse to a development of the city was given by building in 1893 of the Anatolijsky railway which has connected Ankara with Istanbul. Strengthening of economic communications promoted allocation of Ankara as large trading and industrial centre. In 1919-1928 during national-liberation struggle, proceeding from strategic reasons, the city has been declared by the country centre, and in 1923 Ankara officially recognised as republic capital.

 Ankara consists of two parts - the Old and New city.

The historical city centre considers a citadel Hizar enclosed with a double wall on whom it is possible to track rough history of Ankara - each conqueror updated its walls, using for this purpose the rests of the destroyed buildings. Internal walls concern VI century, and the fortress has found a modern kind in IX century at the Byzantian emperor Michael II when the external perimetre of walls has been erected. In walls there are ancient buildings and Ak-Kale - "the White fortress". Nearby to southern gate of a fortress there is a mosque of Aladdina, one of the oldest Muslim constructions in Ankara. It has the square form and the single minaret unusual to Turkey.

One more symbol of a city is the mosque of Hadzhi-Bajram (XV century), constructed near to ruins of the well-known temple of Avgustina and Rum of II century BC on which walls sketches from the Roman history and the list of acts of August are cut. Ruins concern other Roman monuments a term (II - III centuries AD), a column of emperor Juliana (362 AD) and the Roman theatre. Other mosques - Arslanhane, Kurshunlu, Ahi Ervan - represent the period with XII on XV centuries the New mosque of Kodzhatepe Dzhami has been constructed in 1987 and is the biggest mosque in a city. It выполнеан on the sample of sultan mosques of Sinana, and in its underground premises are placed tea and one of the supermarkets largest in a city.

In Ankara there are fine museums, some of which are located in the updated buildings османской epoch. Most significant of them - the Museum анатолийской the civilisations, being the third on importance an archaeological museum in Europe after the Louvre in Paris and the British museum in London. This excellent place for survey of rich collections of the Paleolith, the Neolith, works of art хеттов. From hill height on which there is a museum, the surprising kind on capital opens. Is better Ankara it is possible to survey from a viewing platform of a 125-metre tower of Atakule in which the rotating restaurant and cafe are located.

In the Old city medieval small streets and low houses in national style have remained. The most brisk street of Ankara is the street Salman or as it still name, "copper avenue". The name it is not casual. The set of craft workshops and little shops offer tourists every possible products from copper: dishes, jugs, mugs, candlesticks and other utensils. Favourite walking places also are the area of Ulus in the Old city, the area of Kyzylaj in the New city with set of small small restaurants and Ataturk's parkway.

The new city is to the south from Old. Here the central monument is Ataturk's mausolean complex where the sarcophagus of the founder of Turkish republic Mustafy Kemalja - the first governor of the country who have given to it civilised shape and, as a matter of fact, made revolutionary changes in all spheres of a public life of Turkey is stored. Each hour at Mausoleum walls there passes solemn changing of the guard.

The population
63 million persons. The population most part (an order of 80 %) is made by Turks. Also in territory of Turkey Kurds, Arabs, Jews, Greeks live.
 
Language

State language – Turkish, one of the cores – Arabian. Also in Turkey French, English and German are extended. It is quite often possible to meet Russian speech, especially in the hotels focused on tourists from Russia and the CIS.

 
Religion

The basic religion – Islam. An order of 77 % of the population – Moslems-sunnity. Turkey rather religious country in which Islam laws are observed.

 
Geography

Turkey settles down simultaneously both in the Asian part and in the European part of continent, occupying peninsula Asia Minor and a small part of Balkan peninsula. Borders on Bulgaria and Greece in the northwest, with Georgia and Armenia in the northeast, in the east with Iran, and in the south with Iraq and Syria. The total area makes 780,6 thousand in km. A landscape mainly mountain though there are also flat parts. The country is washed by four seas (Mediterranean, Black, Egejsky and Marble), and on all territory the considerable quantity of the rivers proceeds and salty lakes settle down some. Look an interactive card of Turkey.

 
Climate

Climate in Turkey subtropical, with the big contrasts of temperature and humidifying depending on height and remoteness from the sea. On coast of the Egejsky and Mediterranean seas, summer very hot and dry, and winter rainy. The swimming season here from April till October, and all this time shines a shining sun. Same - Mediterranean - a climate and coast of sea of Marmara. The Black Sea coast too differs in the soft winter and in the warm summer, but humidity level it is ready above and deposits drops out very much. In southeast Anatolys (the European part of Turkey) blow сирокко, bearing a dust from Syrian desert in the spring.

Time

Time corresponds to the Moldavian.

 
Currency

Turkish lyre (TRL). In circulation banknotes advantage of 10 million, 5 million, 1 million, 500 thousand, 250 thousand lyres and a coin in 5 thousand, 10 thousand, 25 thousand, 50 thousand, 100 thousand, and 250 thousand lyres. Owing to strong inflation the lyre exchange rate can daily vary. The most accepted currency – the American dollar if you pay in dollars, the price can be more low, than specified in national currency. To exchange money it is possible everywhere, but private points of an exchange usually offer more a favourable rate, than banks or hotels. You can take advantage of credit cards: American Express, Eurocard, Diner’s Club, Visa, Mastercard. Traveller's cheques are accepted in Turkey far not everywhere. If you wish to take advantage of the traveller's cheque, rely on such world firms as American Express and Thomas Cook.

 
The approximate prices

Coffee - $0,5-2,5; tea - $0,2-2; Turkish beer - $1-3; easy spirits - $1-3; кебаб (a national dish) - $1,5-7; an average trip by a taxi - about $3; a cheap dinner - $4; a dinner at restaurant - $6-20;

 
The visa

The visa to Turkey to citizens of Moldova stands out at the airport on an arrival in the country within an hour. The unitary tourist visa costs 10 euros, or 15 dollars. In the passport the mark giving the right to stay in Turkey within month is put. Passport period of validity should be not less than 6 months from the moment of the trip termination.

 
Customs mode

Import of any currency to Turkey free, more than $5000 are necessary to specify the sums in the customs declaration. Export of lyres from the country is limited by the sum equivalent of $100. You can freely bring with yourselves following things: Cigarettes (to 400 шт); Cigars (to 50 шт); Tobacco (to 200 шт); Coffee (to 1 kg); Spirits (strong) – 3 open bottles; Wine – 2 open bottles; Besides subjects of a private use and a foodstuff it is authorised to import two cameras, a radio receiver, a typewriter, a movie camera. Jewels are subject to obligatory declaring. To Turkey import of the drugs, narcocontaining medicines, the weapon is forbidden. If you are a member of the sports-hunting clubs you can take 1 smooth-bore gun and 100 cartridges to it. Also export of the weapon, an ammunition, antiques and drugs is forbidden.

Emergency phones

Police - 155 Gendarmerie (in rural areas) - 156 First aid - 112 Fire protection - 110 Help (phones) – 118 International operator – 115 Alarm clock – 135

 
Electricity

Pressure 220 V, sometimes 110 V, often falls. Frequency of a current 50 Hz. In Turkey are used European двухштырьковые round plugs.

 
Transport

The most widespread type of transport in Turkey – the bus. But it is necessary to consider the big volume of passenger traffic and переполненность transport. Usual taxi are equipped by counters, but at night the tariff is more expensive in 1,5-2 times. It is possible to take advantage of a fixed-route taxi with the fixed fare and stops in certain points. If there is a necessity that of a city in a city it is possible to move in the next ways: the plane (a network of internal flights Turkish Airlines), ferries (Turkish Maritime Lines), the railway. It is better to reserve all tickets in advance. Also you can lease the car. The approximate price in Istanbul - from $40 a day and from $250 a week for the car of a class "house-keeper". Thus run is not limited.

 
Purchases

To be in Turkey and not to bring therefrom souvenirs – it is impossible. And the choice of souvenirs is huge, in addition to everything, purchases will manage to you much more cheaply, than in any other country средиземноморья. You can buy practically everything, beginning from дубленок and finishing hot spices. Ornaments, clothes, carpets, ceramics, vases, towels, east antiquities. Do not forget to bargain – to sellers pleasantly, and for a purse it is useful.

 
Average temperature